OTTOLENGHI — (Ottolengo), Italian family of Piedmont, apparently originating in Germany, the name being an Italian form of Ettlingen. Its prominent members include: joseph b. nathan ottolenghi (d. 1570), rabbi of Cremona; samuel david b. jehiel ottolengo (d.… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
PRINTING, HEBREW — pre modern period The first mention of Jews in connection with printing is found in Avignon c. 1444 (before Gutenberg) when a Jew, Davin de Caderousse, studied the new craft. The first Hebrew books were printed at least within 35 years after the… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ITALY — Jews have lived in Italy without interruption from the days of the Maccabees until the present, through a period of 21 centuries. Although they were never subjected to general expulsion, there were frequently partial ones. They often enjoyed good … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Jewish history in Colonial America — Early settlement= Joachim GansThe first recorded Jew in the Americas was Joachim Gans, an English metallurgist. In 1584, Sir Walter Raleigh recruited him to join an expedition to explore the Virginia territory in hopes of founding a permanent… … Wikipedia
YESHIVOT — The name yeshivah was applied to institutes of talmudic learning of three distinct kinds: (1) the academies in Ereẓ Israel and Babylonia in which the Mishnah was studied by the amoraim and which produced the Jerusalem and Babylonian Talmud (see… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
PRESS — This article is arranged according to the following outline: introduction in australia and new zealand in belgium in canada in czechoslovakia in england yiddish press in france in germany and austria between the two world wars after world war ii… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
List of West European Jews — Apart from France, established Jewish populations exist in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. With the original medieval populations wiped out by the Black Death and the pogroms that followed it, the current Dutch and… … Wikipedia
POLITICS — Introduction Jewish involvement in national politics in the various countries in which they settled dates from the period of Jewish emancipation at the end of the 18th and the first half of the 19th century. In fact, personalities such as joseph… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPTS, HEBREW — This entry is arranged according to the following outline: hebrew illumination in hellenistic times character of hebrew manuscript illumination materials and techniques oriental school spanish illumination french school german school italian… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
MILITARY SERVICE — Jews served in the national armies of most countries in which they settled. However, in many states they were denied the right to bear arms before the 20th century since they were considered to be second class citizens, not fit to fight for their … Encyclopedia of Judaism
